Device for finishing of surfaces by radial forming



March 29, 1966 v. ADAM ETAL 3,242,567

DEVICE FOR FINISHING OF SURFACES BY RADIAL FORMING Filed Dec. 27, 1963 I I N VENT 0R5 a" (/a 1/ adam 77/? a P/(A BY 60A 62 United States Patent 3,242,567 DEVICE FGR FINISHING OF SURFACES BY RADIAL FDRMING Vaclav Adam and Jindi'ich Boha, Semily, Czechoslovakia, assignors to Vyzkumny a zkuehni letecky fistav, letnany u Prahy, Czechoslovakia Filed Dec. 27, 1%3, Ser. No. 333,947 Claims priority, application Czechoslovakia, Jan. 26, 1963, 6,439/ 62 2 Claims. (Cl. 29566) This invention relates to a device for finishing surfaces of different size and shape by radial forming. This device is actuated by a cooling medium by means of a small turbine and is provided with a tool for preliminary working especially of cylindrical surfaces of large dimensions.

For finishing rough surfaces to a high degree of per fection by forming a number of devices has been developed recently. Their design aimed at providing surfaces of the best possible finish and, where necessary, at simultaneously forming such surfaces to exact dimensions. It is a known fact that the accuracy of dimensions and thus also the difiiculty and cost of production decrease as the dimensions of the products involved increase. With the increase of the size of products, the number of products treated generally decreases, so that relatively increased first costs of the above mentioned devices would not pay and would be useless since great accuracy is for large workpieces as a rule useless, not wanted and sometimes with respect to their function even harmful.

These conditions lead to the use of discs for finishing surfaces of such workpieces on the circumference of which free balls or rollers are distributed. Such discs with balls or rollers were used instead of fine grinding discs, and grinding discs are used for preliminary grinding only. However, due to small fragments of the grinding means used, which remain on preground surfaces, the referred to devices wear quickly and in an irregular manner, The incorporation in the preground surfaces of released particles of the grinding means renders thus machined parts abrasive and unstable as far as their dimensions are concerned. This lack of stability is seen already during the initial operation. The finishing work proper of large workpieces by means of a grinding machine is also from other viewpoints, such as transportation and fixing of the workpiece, adjustment of the machine, rather difiicult and costly.

The primary object of this invention is to remove said drawbacks. In our arrangement for finishing surfaces by radial forming by means of forming bodies rotatably and radially shiftably arranged in a cage, the cage is firmly fixed to a bearing case rotatably supported on a hollow cylindrical body, one end of which is adapted to be fixed, the other end being provided with a flange. Between said hollow cylindrical body and said flange is a distributing wheel that is firmly fixed to both by an axial threaded bolt. A channel is provided in this distributing wheel, which connects a hollow space in said body with an expansion space defined by the distributing wheel, the cage and a ring. This ring is connected by screws with the cage and is provided on its inner surface with resilient driving blades which divide the expansion space to a number of individual mutually sealed spaces. The expansion space is connected with the open space by an outlet channel arranged in the flange. This flange may bear a knife, whereby the outlet channel terminates close to the edge thereof.

The removal of unevennesses on surfaces by the dynamic action of the impact of a body urged out of a cage by a centrifugal force requires a finely prepared surface. The present device allows the simultaneous work of a fine preparation and of forming of surfaces and, thus, is capable of performing the whole process of finishing surfaces. Our device overcomes the disadvantages of prior devices and is most economical.

The device of the invention is shown by way of example in the accompanying drawing, wherein FIG. 1 represents the device in a partly longitudinal cross section along the plane BB of FIG. 2, the device including means for prior chip working and for the subsequent finishing of surfaces by forming; FIG. 2 shows the same device in a cross section along the plane A-A of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 represents the device fixed on a lathe; FIG. 4 shows the kinematics of a forming body when contacting a surface to be finished, whereby the surface may be plane or convexly curved; and FIG. 5 is a view of a spherical forming body and a part of the device finishing a formed surface.

The device for finishing of surfaces by radial forming according to this invention comprises a hollow cylindrical body 1, one end of which is adapted to be fixed while the other end is provided with a flange 6. This flange 6 supports a knife 10 and is fixed to the body 1 by a threaded bolt 7 which passes with a large play through an axial hollow space 15 in the body 1 and holder 25 of a machine tool 24. A hearing case 2 is firmly connected with a cage 3 that is rotatably mounted on the body 1. Between the body 1 and the flange 6 there is a distributing wheel 5 which is fixed by means of the bolt 7 to said body 1 and flange 6. To the cage 3 which holds on its circumference rotatable and radially shifta-ble forming bodies which may have the shape of rollers 12 or balls 13 a ring 4 is fixed by screws 8. The ring 4 seals in front and on the circumference an expansion space 18 provided between the wheel 5 and the cage 3. The ring 4 bears in its inner circumference resilient driving blades 9 dividing the expansion space into a number of mutually sealed spaces. The expansion space 18 is connected by channels 16 provided in the distributing wheel 5 with the hollow space 15 in the body 1 and by an outlet channel 17 provided in the flange 6 and terminating at the edge of the knife 10 to communicate with the open space. The whole system for distribution the driving lubricating and simultaneously cooling medium is connected with the supply conduit 11. The cage 3 may be equipped, if desired with forming bodies of other shape than above mentioned. The edge of the knife 10 can, according to the required kind of working, be differently formed, for instance, for fine chip work, scraping, shaving, peeling, and other work.

The whole device is relatively simple to manufacture and thus cheap and in comparison with known devices highly economical.

The device according to this invention is used so that after fixing it to the holder 25 of the machine tool 24 pressure medium is introduced through the supply conduit 11 to pass through the hollow space 15 in the body 1 and via the channel 16 to the expansion space 13 and cause by means of driving blades 9 the cage with the forming bodies 12 or 13 to rotate. As long as the device, by means of the forming bodies 12 or 13, does not come in contact with the surfaces of the workpiece 19, 20, 21 or 22 to be treated, the centers of these forming bodies 12 or 13 move along a track path designated R in FIG. 4. The forming bodies 12 or 13 are then urged during rotation of the cage 3 by the developing centrifugal force in radial direction out of the cage 3 by the distance 11 whereby the forming bodies 12 or 13 form by dynamic impacts upon the surface of the workpiece 20, 21 or 22 a smooth surface. Since in the course of this forming action the workpiece 20, 21 or 22 simultaneously rotates a con tinuous smooth surface is obtained.

The length of the stroke, i.e. the distance it between R and R can be adjusted by changing the distance between the device and the processed surface, it is possible 3 to bring simultaneously into action the knife 10 by means of which the preliminary chip Working is performed.

The driving or pressure medium flows in the direction of the arrows 26 and continues upon completion of its driving function in the direction of the arrows 2 7. It passes through the channel 17 and is discharged over the edge of the knife into the open space, whereby it acts as a cooling medium.

The device of our invention may be used in connection with different machine tools to serve before the admission of an intensive stream of the driving mediums for chip working purposes and after admission of the medium also as a forming means. Our device may as well be employed without the use of any machine tool, that is, by operating the workpiece in the course of rotation of the cage by any suitable mechanical means or even manually.

We claim:

1. A device for finishing of surfaces by radial forming by means of forming bodies comprising in combination:

(a) a hollow cylindrical body (b) one end of said hollow cylindrical body adapted for fixing v (c) a flange joint to said cylindrical body on its other end (d) a supply conduit for a driving medium terminating into the hollow space of said cylindrical body (6) a distributing wheel inserted between said hollow cylindrical body and said flange (f) means for firmly connecting said hollow cylindrical body, said distributing wheel and said flange (g) a bearing case surrounding said hollow cylindrical body adapted to rotate around said body (h) a cage fixed to said bearing case (i) forming bodies supported by said cage (j) said forming bodies capable to rotate and to be radially shifted within said cage (k) a ring firmly connected to said cage inside said cage (1) an expansion space for the driving medium determined by said distributing Wheel, by said cage and by said ring (in) a channel within said distributing body connecting the hollow space of said cylindrical body with said expansion space (n) a number of resilient blades supported by said ring extending into said expansion space and dividing said space into a number of compartments (0) an outlet channel Within said flange connecting said expansion space with the open space. 2. A device as in claim 1 comprising in addition (p) a knife supported by said flange (q) said outlet channel for the driving medium terminating near the edge of said knife.

References ited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,010,127 11/1911 Dingley 299O 1,748,959 3/1930 Manpin 29-90 1,749,982 3/1930 Nesbitt 29-9O RICHARD H. EANES, 111., Primary Examiner. 

1. A DEVICE FOR FINISHING OF SURFACES BY RADIAL FORMING BY MEANS OF FORMING BODIES COMPRISING IN COMBINATION: (A) A HOLLOW CYLINDRICAL BODY (B) ONE END OF SAID HOLLOW CYLINDRICAL BODY ADAPTED FOR FIXING (C) A FLANGE JOINT TO SAID CYLINDRICAL BODY ON ITS OTHER END (D) A SUPPLY CONDUIT FOR A DRIVING MEDIUM TERMINATING INTO THE HOLLOW SPACE OF SAID CYLINDRICAL BODY (E) A DISTRIBUTING WHEEL INSERTED BETWEEN SAID HOLLOW CYLINDRICAL BODY AND SAID FLANGE (F) MEANS FOR FIRMLY CONNECTING SAID HOLLOW CYLINDRICAL BODY, SAID DISTRIBUTING WHEEL AND SAID FLANGE (G) A BEARING CASE SURROUNDING SAID HOLLOW CYLINDRICAL BODY ADAPTED TO ROTATE AROUND SAID BODY (H) A CAGE FIXED TO SAID BEARING CASE (I) FORMING BODIES SUPPORTED BY SAID CAGE (J) SAID FORMING BODIES CAPABLE TO ROTATE AND TO BE RADIALLY SHIFTED WITHIN SAID CAGE (K) A RING FIRMLY CONNECTED TO SAID CAGE INSIDE SAID CAGE (L) AN EXPANSION SPACED FOR THE DRIVING MEDIUM DETERMINED BY SAID DISTRIBUTING WHEEL, BY SAID CAGE AND BY SAID RING (M) A CHANNEL WITHIN SAID DISTRIBUTING BODY CONNECTING THE HOLLOW SPACE OF SAID CYLINDRICAL BODY WITH SAID EXPANSION SPACE (N) A NUMBER OF RESILIENT BLADES SUPPORTED BY SAID RING EXTENDING INTO SAID EXPANSION SPACE AND DIVIDING SAID SPACE INTO A NUMBER OF COMPARTMENTS 7O) AN OUTLET CHANNEL WITHIN SAID FLANGE CONNECTING SAID EXPANSION SPACE WITH THE OPEN SPACE. 